Quick take: New build purchase contracts are significantly different from standard resale contracts. They are drafted by the developer and heavily weighted in the developer's favour. Understanding the key differences before you exchange can help you avoid costly surprises.

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How New Build Contracts Differ

When buying a resale property, the standard Law Society contract is relatively balanced. New build contracts are bespoke documents drafted by the developer's legal team. They give the developer wide discretion over build timelines, specification changes, and completion arrangements.

1. Long-Stop Dates and Completion Delays

Most new build contracts include an estimated completion date, but this is not usually binding. The contract specifies a "long-stop date"--the absolute latest the developer must complete. This can be 12 to 24 months after the estimated date.

A buyer in Manchester exchanged on a new build apartment with an estimated completion of March 2025. Construction delays pushed completion to November 2025. The buyer's mortgage offer expired twice, requiring new applications, additional valuation fees, and dealing with changed interest rates. The contract allowed this. The buyer was still committed.

2. Specification Changes

Most contracts include a clause allowing the developer to make "minor" amendments to the specification, but "minor" can mean:

• Different kitchen units from the show home

• Substitute bathroom tiles or flooring

• Alternative material finishes

Check how "minor" is defined. Some contracts give the developer broad discretion to substitute materials provided they are of "equivalent" quality, which is subjective.

3. Incentives and Their Implications

Developers often offer incentives: paying your stamp duty, covering legal fees, or furniture packages. These incentives need to be declared to your mortgage lender. If an incentive exceeds a certain percentage of the purchase price (typically 5% for properties under 500,000 pounds), the lender may reduce the amount they are willing to lend.

4. Management Charges on Freehold Estates

Even if you are buying a freehold house on a new build estate, you may be required to pay annual management charges for communal areas. Unlike service charges for leasehold properties, there have historically been fewer statutory protections around estate management charges, though the Leasehold and Freehold Reform Act 2024 has introduced some transparency requirements.

5. NHBC Warranty Limitations

Most new builds come with an NHBC Buildmark warranty, but the cover is not comprehensive:

• Years 1-2: The developer fixes defects that breach NHBC standards

• Years 3-10: NHBC covers structural defects only

Issues like poor plastering, squeaky floors, or inadequate soundproofing between units are unlikely to be covered after the initial two-year period.

FAQ

Can I negotiate a new build contract?

In practice, developers rarely agree to substantive changes to their standard contract. However, you can and should ask your conveyancer to flag any unusually onerous clauses and push back where possible, particularly on long-stop dates and specification change provisions.

What if completion is delayed?

Check whether the contract provides for any compensation if the developer misses the estimated completion date. Many do not. Also check whether you can withdraw if the long-stop date passes without completion.

Disclaimer: This article is general information, not financial, tax, or legal advice.