良好離職者／不良離職者條款範本（複製、貼上及調整）
Good Leaver / Bad Leaver Clause (Sample):
If a shareholder (including any director or partner) in this partnership, startup, or limited liability company ceases to be employed or involved with the company, their shares shall be transferred as follows:
- Good Leaver: If departure is due to death, disability, redundancy, retirement, or other reasons agreed in writing, the company or remaining shareholders shall purchase the shares at fair market value.
- Bad Leaver: If departure is due to resignation (without consent), dismissal for cause, or breach of agreement, the company or remaining shareholders shall purchase the shares at [par value or a discounted price, as specified]
Good Leaver / Bad Leaver Clause (Sample):
If a shareholder (including any director or partner) in this partnership, startup, or limited liability company ceases to be employed or involved with the company, their shares shall be transferred as follows:
- Good Leaver: If departure is due to death, disability, redundancy, retirement, or other reasons agreed in writing, the company or remaining shareholders shall purchase the shares at fair market value.
- Bad Leaver: If departure is due to resignation (without consent), dismissal for cause, or breach of agreement, the company or remaining shareholders shall purchase the shares at [par value or a discounted price, as specified]
Good Leaver / Bad Leaver Clause (Sample):
If a shareholder (including any director or partner) in this partnership, startup, or limited liability company ceases to be employed or involved with the company, their shares shall be transferred as follows:
- Good Leaver: If departure is due to death, disability, redundancy, retirement, or other reasons agreed in writing, the company or remaining shareholders shall purchase the shares at fair market value.
- Bad Leaver: If departure is due to resignation (without consent), dismissal for cause, or breach of agreement, the company or remaining shareholders shall purchase the shares at [par value or a discounted price, as specified]
什麼是良好離職者／不良離職者條款？
良好離職者／不良離職者條款訂明，在成立後離開合夥業務、新創公司或有限責任公司的董事、合夥人或股東，其股份將會如何處理。它將「良好離職者」（即因可接受原因離開並獲得公平價值的人）與「不良離職者」（即在較不利情況下離開，並可能只獲名義價值的人）區分開來。
誰需要這條款？為什麼？
最適合：新創公司、合夥業務、有限公司，以及其董事或員工股東。
如缺少的主要風險：離任董事或合夥人可能保留股份並阻礙決策，或帶走本不應得的意外收益。
英國常見問題：若未納入股東協議或公司章程，便常就估值及權益出現爭議。
實際運作方式
例子：
一名有限責任新創公司的董事辭職加入競爭對手。作為「不良離職者」，其必須按名義價值將股份售回。若其因裁員或健康欠佳而離開，則屬「良好離職者」，並會獲得公平市價。
常見陷阱及法律細節
該條款必須載於股東協議或公司章程，方可對任何合夥業務、新創公司或有限公司具可執行性。
「良好離職者」及「不良離職者」的定義必須清晰，且不能過於苛刻，否則可能受到質疑。
估值方法應客觀且透明。
常見問題
1. 董事或合夥人可否就其離職者身份作出協商？
可以，但最好在成立公司時或任何爭議出現前先議定條款。
2. 良好離職者／不良離職者條款在英國法律下是否自動生效？
不是，必須寫入你的股東協議或公司章程。
3. 若條款過於嚴苛怎樣？
若條款帶有懲罰性或不清晰，可能會在法院受質疑，或引致不公平損害申索。
4. 誰決定某人屬良好或不良離職者？
條款應訂明準則及程序——通常由董事會或其餘股東決定，但過程必須公平。
5. 回購價可否被爭議？
可以，若估值方法不清晰或不客觀，爭議便很常見。
摘要／行動步驟
檢視你的股東協議及公司章程，看看是否載有良好離職者／不良離職者條款，尤其你如為新創公司、合夥業務或有限責任公司中的董事、合夥人或股東。
如未有載列，應在任何退出或爭議前先商議加入。
可將上述範本作為起點，但需按貴公司的需要及架構作出調整。
免責聲明：本內容僅供一般資訊用途，不構成法律、財務或稅務意見。結果可能因個人情況而有所不同。
